A 9.25F Drop in Two Years – Max Temperature.
Top 21 States in terms of negative anomaly.
The average temperature had a 7.89F drop in two years.
It was the 27th coldest November in terms of Average Temperature in the USA. (1 would be coldest)
-1.61F below the mean.
I’ve always thought that clean air laws decreased SO2 , increased sunshine and therefore warming.
Well … there is a new law that may change climate.
In effect, the shipping industry has been carrying out an unintentional experiment in climate engineering for more than a century. Global mean temperatures could be as much as 0.25 ˚C lower than they would otherwise have been, based on the mean “forcing effect” calculated by a 2009 study that pulled together other findings (see “The Growing Case for Geoengineering”). For a world struggling to keep temperatures from rising more than 2 ˚C, that’s a big helping hand.
And we’re about to take it away.
In 2016, the UN’s International Maritime Organization announced that by 2020, international shipping vessels will have to significantly cut sulfur pollution. Specifically, ship owners must switch to fuels with no more than 0.5 percent sulfur content, down from the current 3.5 percent, or install exhaust cleaning systems that achieve the same reduction, Shell noted in a brochure for customers.
There are very good reasons to cut sulfur: it contributes to both ozone depletion and acid rain, and it can cause or exacerbate respiratory problems.
But as a 2009 paper in Environmental Science & Technology noted, limiting sulfur emissions is a double-edged sword. “Given these reductions, shipping will, relative to present-day impacts, impart a ‘double warming’ effect: one from [carbon dioxide], and one from the reduction of [sulfur dioxide],” wrote the authors. “Therefore, after some decades the net climate effect of shipping will shift from cooling to warming.”
Sulfur pollution from coal burning has a similar effect. Some studies suggest that China’s surge in coal consumption over the last decade partly offset the recent global warming trend (though coal does have a strong net warming effect).
It’s difficult to estimate how much the new rule could affect temperatures. We don’t know enough about cloud physics and the behavior of atmospheric particles, nor how diligently the shipping industry will comply with the new rule, says Robert Wood, a professor of atmospheric sciences at the University of Washington.
Another wrinkle is that ships emit other particles that can sometimes also stimulate cloud droplets to form, including black carbon, a major component of soot. Removing the sulfur from the fuel could alter the size and quantity of these particles, which could affect clouds as well, says Lynn Russell, a professor of atmospheric science at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography.
“So we can’t really say exactly what the change will be,” says Russell, though she adds that the rule change is “likely” to produce a warming effect on balance.
… read the rest: https://www.technologyreview.com/s/610007/were-about-to-kill-a-massive-accidental-experiment-in-halting-global-warming/
PS There is a problem with the expensive scrubbers that are an alternative to low sulphur fuel. The ships dump the waste into the ocean. The waste will be sulphuric acid (and more)
It was the 21st coldest October in terms of Maximum Temperature in the USA. (1 would be coldest)
-2.26F below the mean.
Environment Canada Monthly Summary Grid by Decade
Tmax – 25 years worth of data or more – 80% of data – End Year 2015/16/17
British Columbia
2010s are the hottest decade 25% of the time, but I would argue overrepresentation due to many stations only going back to the 1970s.
The 1950s are the least hot decade. By far.
| Station | Station No | Records | Min Year | Max Year | pct of data | 2010s | 2000s | 1990s | 1980s | 1970s | 1960s | 1950s | 1940s | 1930s | 1920s | 1910s | 1900s | 1890s | 1880s |
| AGASSIZ CDA | 1100120 | 1506 | 1889 | 2017 | 97.3 | 22.49 | 22.75 | 22.67 | 22.2 | 21.84 | 22.22 | 21.61 | 22.56 | 22.55 | 22.41 | 21.53 | 22.2 | 23.1 | 15 |
| FORT ST JAMES | 1092970 | 1473 | 1895 | 2017 | 99.8 | 16.71 | 17.8 | 17.58 | 17.81 | 17.06 | 17.12 | 15.96 | 16.75 | 17.97 | 17.64 | 16.57 | 16.7 | 17.39 | – |
| QUATSINO | 1036570 | 1428 | 1895 | 2017 | 96.7 | 17.14 | 18.65 | 19.54 | 18.82 | 17.99 | 18.78 | 18.38 | 19.07 | 17.84 | 17.38 | 17.51 | 17.2 | 17.39 | – |
| GOLDEN A | 1173210 | 1366 | 1902 | 2017 | 98.1 | 18.82 | 18.59 | 18.63 | 18.5 | 18.41 | 19.6 | 19.58 | 20.39 | 20 | 17.7 | 17.9 | 18.86 | – | – |
| KASLO | 1143900 | 1288 | 1894 | 2017 | 86.6 | 19.85 | 19.63 | 19.68 | 18.95 | 18.65 | 18.93 | 18.15 | 19.03 | 19.11 | 18.03 | 16.96 | 17.89 | 17.42 | – |
| SHAWNIGAN LAKE | 1017230 | 1250 | 1913 | 2017 | 99.2 | 21.05 | 21.04 | 21.15 | 20.54 | 20.06 | 20.66 | 20.81 | 21.14 | 21.61 | 21.19 | 20.96 | – | – | – |
| VAVENBY | 1168520 | 1245 | 1913 | 2017 | 98.8 | 21.14 | 21.76 | 20.56 | 20.08 | 20.21 | 21.03 | 19.88 | 21.18 | 22.08 | 21.62 | 21.2 | – | – | – |
| SAANICHTON CDA | 1016940 | 1243 | 1914 | 2017 | 99.6 | 19.62 | 20.14 | 20.28 | 19.81 | 19.41 | 19.32 | 18.72 | 18.92 | 19.25 | 19.55 | 19.5 | – | – | – |
| FERNIE | 1152850 | 1216 | 1913 | 2017 | 96.5 | 19.91 | 20.21 | 19.97 | 20.02 | 19.44 | 19.12 | 18.35 | 18.5 | 19.48 | 18.68 | 18.54 | – | – | – |
| ESTEVAN POINT | 1032730 | 1134 | 1908 | 2017 | 85.9 | 16.64 | 16.09 | 16.61 | 16.28 | 15.6 | 16.02 | 15.64 | 16.48 | 16.16 | 16.18 | 8.9 | 15.43 | – | – |
| PACHENA POINT | 1035940 | 1102 | 1924 | 2017 | 97.7 | 17.6 | 17.39 | 18.65 | 17.25 | 16.52 | 16.6 | 16.14 | 17.24 | 17.06 | 16.47 | – | – | – | – |
| OKANAGAN CENTRE | 1125700 | 1075 | 1926 | 2017 | 97.4 | 22.06 | 21.85 | 21.83 | 21.19 | 20.53 | 21.28 | 20.63 | 21.75 | 22.71 | 21.09 | – | – | – | – |
| LANGARA | 1054500 | 977 | 1936 | 2017 | 99.3 | 13.87 | 14.22 | 14 | 13.67 | 13.41 | 13.76 | 13.53 | 14.23 | 14.24 | – | – | – | – | – |
| PRINCETON A | 1126510 | 970 | 1936 | 2017 | 98.6 | 21.86 | 22.08 | 21.54 | 21.57 | 20.97 | 21.07 | 20.31 | 21.68 | 20.98 | – | – | – | – | – |
| OLIVER STP | 1125766 | 963 | 1924 | 2017 | 85.4 | 23.87 | 24.18 | 23.78 | 23.09 | 23.04 | 23.53 | 22.79 | 24.55 | 24.5 | 24.16 | – | – | – | – |
| SMITHERS A | 1077500 | 907 | 1942 | 2017 | 99.5 | 17.95 | 17.91 | 17.54 | 17.67 | 17.42 | 17.59 | 16.96 | 17.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COMOX A | 1021830 | 882 | 1944 | 2017 | 99.3 | 19.47 | 19.81 | 19.68 | 19.61 | 19.1 | 19.39 | 19.06 | 19.82 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SANDSPIT A | 1057050 | 831 | 1945 | 2017 | 94.9 | 15.4 | 15.64 | 15.51 | 15.67 | 14.75 | 15.08 | 15.06 | 14.19 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COWICHAN LAKE FORESTRY | 1012040 | 777 | 1949 | 2017 | 93.8 | 21.1 | 21.29 | 21.71 | 21.48 | 21.25 | 20.98 | 19.94 | 24.59 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KITIMAT TOWNSITE | 1064320 | 756 | 1954 | 2017 | 98.4 | 18.61 | 18.38 | 18.25 | 17.68 | 17.33 | 18.02 | 18.11 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| TOFINO A | 1038205 | 747 | 1943 | 2017 | 83 | 19.03 | 18.74 | 18.95 | 18.89 | 18.44 | 18.52 | 17.38 | 19.95 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KEMANO | 1064020 | 732 | 1951 | 2017 | 91 | 19.94 | 19.2 | 18.59 | 17.95 | 16.9 | 18.16 | 18.12 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MCINNES ISLAND | 1065010 | 699 | 1955 | 2017 | 92.5 | 15.13 | 15.55 | 15.55 | 15.43 | 14.75 | 14.98 | 15.38 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| POWELL RIVER A | 1046391 | 695 | 1954 | 2017 | 90.5 | 19.61 | 19.16 | 19.33 | 19.54 | 19.15 | 19.66 | 18.44 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MERRY ISLAND LIGHTSTATION | 1045100 | 683 | 1960 | 2017 | 98.1 | 18.42 | 18.36 | 17.98 | 17.89 | 17.38 | 17.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OOTSA L SKINS L SPILLWAY | 1085835 | 680 | 1956 | 2017 | 91.4 | 17.18 | 16.55 | 16.54 | 16.28 | 16.54 | 17.12 | 15.91 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MICA DAM | 1175122 | 666 | 1951 | 2017 | 82.8 | 16.88 | 16.82 | 17.17 | 16.63 | 16.48 | 16.18 | 29.97 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MISSION WEST ABBEY | 1105192 | 663 | 1962 | 2017 | 98.7 | 21.22 | 21.25 | 21.31 | 21.03 | 20.41 | 20.47 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QUALICUM R FISH RESEARCH | 1026565 | 660 | 1962 | 2017 | 98.2 | 19.68 | 19.43 | 19.54 | 18.96 | 18.37 | 18.8 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| HANEY UBC RF ADMIN | 1103332 | 656 | 1961 | 2017 | 95.9 | 21.82 | 21.58 | 21.54 | 21.44 | 20.46 | 20.69 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| WILLIAM HEAD | 1018935 | 654 | 1959 | 2017 | 92.4 | 18.36 | 19.44 | 18.76 | 18.06 | 17.91 | 18.15 | 14.45 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| DARFIELD | 1162265 | 651 | 1962 | 2017 | 96.9 | 21.23 | 21.01 | 20.93 | 21.25 | 20.97 | 20.94 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VANCOUVER HARBOUR CS | 1108446 | 640 | 1958 | 2017 | 88.9 | 19.63 | 19.65 | 20.11 | 19.1 | 18.67 | 19.76 | 19.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| DUNCAN LAKE DAM | 1142574 | 637 | 1963 | 2017 | 96.5 | 19.39 | 19.57 | 19.67 | 19.15 | 19.22 | 19.56 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CASTLEGAR A | 1141455 | 625 | 1965 | 2017 | 98.3 | 22.29 | 21.95 | 21.78 | 21.51 | 21.25 | 21.19 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BONILLA ISLAND | 1060902 | 622 | 1965 | 2017 | 97.8 | 14.57 | 14.82 | 14.8 | 14.3 | 13.43 | 13.87 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAMPBELL RIVER A | 1021261 | 621 | 1965 | 2017 | 97.6 | 20.16 | 20.55 | 20.26 | 20.15 | 20.09 | 19.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BURNABY SIMON FRASER U | 1101158 | 619 | 1965 | 2017 | 97.3 | 18.46 | 19.35 | 20.37 | 19.32 | 19.58 | 20.31 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| EGG ISLAND | 1062646 | 608 | 1965 | 2017 | 95.6 | 14.89 | 15.61 | 15.63 | 15.33 | 14.9 | 15.23 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MERRITT STP | 1125079 | 589 | 1968 | 2017 | 98.2 | 22.99 | 23.14 | 22.76 | 22.77 | 22.35 | 21.51 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| TERRACE PCC | 1068131 | 589 | 1968 | 2017 | 98.2 | 19.01 | 18.5 | 18.77 | 18.47 | 17.68 | 18.39 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NEW DENVER | 1145460 | 587 | 1967 | 2017 | 95.9 | 20.54 | 21 | 19.78 | 19.52 | 19.64 | 20.35 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KITIMAT 2 | 1064321 | 575 | 1966 | 2017 | 92.1 | 20.5 | 18.84 | 18.96 | 18.28 | 17.47 | 17.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BLUE RIVER A | 1160899 | 571 | 1969 | 2017 | 97.1 | 19.09 | 18.6 | 19.19 | 18.73 | 18.43 | 3.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| TOPLEY LANDING | 1078209 | 562 | 1962 | 2017 | 83.6 | 17.25 | 16.58 | 16.74 | 16.63 | 16.36 | 16.38 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FT STEELE DANDY CRK | 1153034 | 561 | 1968 | 2017 | 93.5 | 20.49 | 20.38 | 20.94 | 21.39 | 20.18 | 21.6 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GIBSONS GOWER POINT | 1043152 | 558 | 1970 | 2017 | 96.9 | 18.77 | 18.31 | 18.65 | 18.61 | 18.05 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KOOTENAY NP WEST GATE | 1154410 | 556 | 1968 | 2017 | 92.7 | 19.81 | 19.96 | 19.2 | 19.37 | 18.91 | 18.03 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MCLEESE LAKE GRANITE MT | 1095018 | 541 | 1972 | 2017 | 98 | 17.44 | 16.75 | 16.97 | 17.07 | 16.74 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CASTLEGAR BCHPA DAM | 1141457 | 535 | 1969 | 2017 | 91 | 21.3 | 21.95 | 21.01 | 20.79 | 20.54 | 24.04 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FORDING RIVER COMINCO | 1152899 | 535 | 1970 | 2017 | 92.9 | 15.37 | 16.35 | 15.28 | 16 | 16.22 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| N VANC GROUSE MTN RESORT | 1105658 | 521 | 1971 | 2017 | 92.4 | 16.19 | 18.24 | 17.08 | 16.18 | 15.51 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PLEASANT CAMP | 1206197 | 518 | 1974 | 2017 | 98.1 | 14.77 | 13.92 | 14.3 | 13.88 | 13.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QUINSAM RIVER HATCHERY | 1026639 | 504 | 1975 | 2017 | 97.7 | 20.12 | 20.55 | 20.45 | 19.79 | 19.84 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PRINCE GEORGE STP | 1096468 | 503 | 1975 | 2017 | 97.5 | 19.56 | 19.44 | 19.3 | 19.29 | 18.79 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GALIANO NORTH | 10130MN | 502 | 1975 | 2017 | 97.3 | 19.7 | 18.89 | 19.9 | 19.76 | 19.68 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SALTSPRING ST MARY’S L | 1016995 | 496 | 1975 | 2017 | 96.1 | 20.15 | 19.78 | 20.02 | 19.41 | 19.04 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| HOPE SLIDE | 1113581 | 495 | 1975 | 2017 | 95.9 | 19.2 | 18.74 | 18.94 | 19.36 | 18.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BOAT BLUFF | 1060901 | 491 | 1974 | 2017 | 93 | 18.51 | 18.05 | 18.61 | 18.28 | 18.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| WHISTLER | 1048898 | 489 | 1976 | 2017 | 97 | 19.79 | 19.41 | 19.87 | 19.37 | 18.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PORT MOODY GLENAYRE | 1106CL2 | 481 | 1970 | 2017 | 83.5 | 20.79 | 20.56 | 20.94 | 20.78 | 19.98 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| DRYAD POINT | 1062544 | 477 | 1977 | 2017 | 97 | 18.28 | 18.29 | 18.58 | 18.19 | 16.73 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| RICHMOND NATURE PARK | 1106PF7 | 473 | 1977 | 2017 | 96.1 | 21.93 | 21.13 | 21.02 | 21.03 | 20.85 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ADDENBROKE ISLAND | 1060080 | 472 | 1978 | 2017 | 98.3 | 17.32 | 17.65 | 17.28 | 16.9 | 16.91 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAPE MUDGE | 1021330 | 465 | 1978 | 2017 | 96.9 | 19.59 | 19.23 | 19.19 | 18.55 | 17.42 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GREEN ISLAND | 1063298 | 463 | 1978 | 2017 | 96.5 | 15.2 | 15.04 | 15.28 | 15.02 | 14.05 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NOOTKA LIGHTSTATION | 1035614 | 463 | 1978 | 2017 | 96.5 | 17.81 | 18.47 | 18.42 | 18.48 | 18.12 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VANDERHOOF | 1098D90 | 441 | 1980 | 2017 | 96.7 | 19.4 | 19.63 | 19.18 | 19.27 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QUATSINO LIGHTSTATION | 1036572 | 438 | 1978 | 2017 | 91.2 | 18.19 | 18.27 | 18.79 | 17.86 | 17.29 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SPARWOOD | 1157630 | 433 | 1980 | 2017 | 95 | 19.29 | 18.97 | 18.94 | 19.23 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COURTENAY GRANTHAM | 1021988 | 421 | 1979 | 2017 | 90 | 19.09 | 19.69 | 20.13 | 19.84 | 12.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CHETWYND A | 1181508 | 414 | 1982 | 2017 | 95.8 | 19.17 | 18.91 | 18.96 | 18.71 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| EQUITY SILVER | 1072692 | 413 | 1981 | 2017 | 93 | 13.11 | 13.71 | 13.24 | 13.64 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GOLDSTREAM RIVER | 1173242 | 413 | 1982 | 2017 | 95.6 | 18.64 | 17.37 | 17.28 | 17.27 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SPOKIN LAKE 4E | 1097646 | 412 | 1983 | 2017 | 98.1 | 18.6 | 18.51 | 18.19 | 18.17 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BELLA COOLA A | 1060841 | 410 | 1983 | 2017 | 97.6 | 20.64 | 20.2 | 20.25 | 20.32 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| N VAN SEYMOUR HATCHERY | 110N666 | 408 | 1981 | 2017 | 91.9 | 20.04 | 20.08 | 20.57 | 20.43 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SUSKWA VALLEY | 107G879 | 408 | 1982 | 2017 | 94.4 | 16.78 | 17.17 | 16.9 | 16.68 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NITINAT RIVER HATCHERY | 1035612 | 405 | 1981 | 2017 | 91.2 | 22.13 | 21.87 | 21.85 | 22.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LITTLE QUALICUM HATCHERY | 1024638 | 401 | 1981 | 2017 | 90.3 | 20.42 | 20.69 | 20.25 | 20.14 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAPE BEALE LIGHT | 1031316 | 393 | 1984 | 2017 | 96.3 | 17.37 | 16.7 | 17.18 | 17.16 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| WASA | 1158730 | 391 | 1983 | 2017 | 93.1 | 20.49 | 21.18 | 20.35 | 20.31 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BILLINGS | 1140876 | 389 | 1984 | 2017 | 95.3 | 21.61 | 22.02 | 21.9 | 22.1 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SATURNA ISLAND CS | 1017101 | 374 | 1980 | 2017 | 82 | 17.91 | 19.67 | 18.78 | 18.47 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| DELTA TSAWWASSEN BEACH | 1102425 | 365 | 1987 | 2017 | 98.1 | 19.24 | 18.69 | 18.91 | 19.29 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 108 MILE HOUSE ABEL LAKE | 109E7R6 | 360 | 1987 | 2017 | 96.8 | 20.32 | 19.93 | 19.49 | 21.07 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NELSON NE | 1145442 | 358 | 1983 | 2017 | 85.2 | 20.88 | 20.72 | 20.33 | 19.23 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 100 MILE HOUSE 6NE | 1165793 | 353 | 1987 | 2017 | 94.9 | 18.96 | 19.64 | 19.42 | 21.48 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MIDWAY | 1135126 | 352 | 1988 | 2017 | 97.8 | 22.92 | 22.87 | 22.25 | 23.08 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KAMLOOPS PRATT ROAD | 116C8P0 | 350 | 1988 | 2017 | 97.2 | 20.07 | 20.25 | 19.96 | 21.25 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COURTENAY PUNTLEDGE | 1021989 | 349 | 1986 | 2017 | 90.9 | 20.58 | 20.67 | 21.26 | 21.85 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CRISS CREEK | 1162177 | 345 | 1988 | 2017 | 95.8 | 18.29 | 18.13 | 17.82 | 16.57 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| UCLUELET KENNEDY CAMP | 1038332 | 344 | 1988 | 2017 | 95.6 | 19.31 | 19.3 | 19.17 | 17.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SILVER CREEK | 1167337 | 340 | 1989 | 2017 | 97.7 | 21.38 | 21.25 | 21.27 | 24.07 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PINE ISLAND | 1026170 | 338 | 1986 | 2017 | 88 | 14.72 | 15.53 | 15.44 | 15.99 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SUMMERLAND CS | 112G8L1 | 331 | 1990 | 2017 | 98.5 | 22.32 | 22.35 | 22.18 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OSOYOOS CS | 1125852 | 328 | 1990 | 2017 | 97.6 | 23.71 | 24.41 | 24.81 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SALMON ARM CS | 116FRMN | 324 | 1991 | 2017 | 100 | 21.33 | 21.4 | 21.79 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VERNON NORTH | 1128583 | 324 | 1990 | 2017 | 96.4 | 21.29 | 20.97 | 21.04 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| TRIPLE ISLAND | 1068250 | 321 | 1989 | 2017 | 92.2 | 14.45 | 14.16 | 14.24 | 16.71 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NAKUSP CS | 1145297 | 318 | 1991 | 2017 | 98.1 | 20.62 | 20.32 | 20.18 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NELSON RIXEN CREEK | 114EMDM | 315 | 1991 | 2017 | 97.2 | 21.01 | 20.75 | 20.59 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PORT ALBERNI COX LAKE | 1036208 | 313 | 1987 | 2017 | 84.1 | 21.71 | 21.38 | 22.58 | 23.35 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ENTRANCE ISLAND | 102BFHH | 310 | 1987 | 2017 | 83.3 | 17.57 | 17.33 | 17.69 | 18.28 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MALAHAT | 1014820 | 308 | 1991 | 2017 | 95.1 | 19.34 | 20.52 | 20.52 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SHERINGHAM POINT | 1017254 | 307 | 1992 | 2017 | 98.4 | 17.96 | 18.8 | 19.18 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PORT ALBERNI (AUT) | 1036B06 | 301 | 1992 | 2017 | 96.5 | 22.06 | 22.11 | 20.73 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| NANAIMO A | 1025370 | 826 | 1947 | 2016 | 98.3 | 21.17 | 21.18 | 21.41 | 21.59 | 21.01 | 21.11 | 20.64 | 20.79 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CHATHAM POINT | 1021480 | 661 | 1958 | 2016 | 93.4 | 17.49 | 17.64 | 17.54 | 17.44 | 17.12 | 17.54 | 17.96 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ALBERNI ROBERTSON CREEK | 1030230 | 646 | 1961 | 2016 | 96.1 | 21.54 | 21.43 | 21.99 | 21.97 | 21.32 | 21.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| WINFIELD | 1128958 | 541 | 1971 | 2016 | 98 | 21.28 | 21.27 | 20.97 | 20.71 | 20.37 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAPE SCOTT | 1031353 | 507 | 1965 | 2016 | 81.2 | 12.94 | 14.95 | 15.33 | 14.88 | 14.6 | 15.25 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| GOLD RIVER TOWNSITE | 1033232 | 502 | 1966 | 2016 | 82 | 21.77 | 22.09 | 22.04 | 22.13 | 21.81 | 21.36 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| STEWART A | 1067742 | 498 | 1974 | 2016 | 96.5 | 16.89 | 16.42 | 16.62 | 16.62 | 15.68 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CHILLIWACK R HATCHERY | 1101N65 | 378 | 1984 | 2016 | 95.5 | 21.32 | 21.54 | 21.73 | 21.83 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MCLEESE LAKE FRASERVIEW | 1095015 | 373 | 1980 | 2016 | 84 | 23.95 | 22.52 | 21.81 | 21.42 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| DUNCAN KELVIN CREEK | 1012573 | 336 | 1987 | 2016 | 93.3 | 21.1 | 21.75 | 22.47 | 21.54 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BUFFALO LAKE | 1161104 | 309 | 1990 | 2016 | 95.4 | 18.6 | 18.2 | 18 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SIKANNI CHIEF | 1187335 | 308 | 1990 | 2016 | 95.1 | 16.03 | 16.55 | 16.83 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PORT ALICE | 1036240 | 708 | 1956 | 2015 | 98.3 | 19.97 | 19.74 | 19.93 | 19.84 | 19.21 | 19.33 | 19.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| WARDNER KTNY HATCHERY | 1158692 | 478 | 1971 | 2015 | 88.5 | 22 | 21.95 | 21.7 | 21.45 | 20.89 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| MYRA CREEK | 1025254 | 382 | 1979 | 2015 | 86 | 20.42 | 20.78 | 20.49 | 20.4 | 22.36 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Environment Canada Monthly Summary Grid For Months (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12) by Decade
Red is Highest , Blue is Lowest
I posted the other about how Alberta isn’t suffering from a heat wave even if the average has gone up.
The average has gone up because the Tmin is higher, not Tmax (Generally)
So these are the stations with 25 years of data ending in 2015/2106/2017.
Notice that most stations Tmin are hottest in the 2010s and coldest in the 1970s (if there is 70s data)
Tmin
| Station | Station No | Records | Min Year | Max Year | pct of data | 2010s | 2000s | 1990s | 1980s | 1970s | 1960s | 1950s | 1940s | 1930s | 1920s | 1910s | 1900s | 1890s | 1880s |
| KANANASKIS | 3053600 | 928 | 1939 | 2017 | 97.9 | -13.64 | -14.43 | -14.18 | -14.45 | -14.53 | -15.01 | -15.47 | -14.06 | -10.56 | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAMROSE | 3011240 | 836 | 1946 | 2017 | 96.8 | -13.1 | -13.9 | -13.84 | -12.53 | -14.47 | -14.09 | -14.87 | -15.3 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COLD LAKE A | 3081680 | 781 | 1952 | 2017 | 98.6 | -12.6 | -13.38 | -14.42 | -14.2 | -15.02 | -15.1 | -14.9 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FORT SASKATCHEWAN | 3012710 | 686 | 1958 | 2017 | 95.3 | -13.28 | -14.05 | -13.39 | -13.93 | -14.12 | -13.42 | -10.66 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| EDMONTON STONY PLAIN | 301222F | 623 | 1966 | 2017 | 99.8 | -10.33 | -10.74 | -11.02 | -11.12 | -12.14 | -11.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QUEENSTOWN | 3035340 | 612 | 1966 | 2017 | 98.1 | -11.99 | -10.91 | -11.86 | -11.19 | -12.11 | -11.92 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CRAIGMYLE | 3021940 | 604 | 1960 | 2017 | 86.8 | -13.65 | -13.63 | -13.6 | -10.71 | -14.55 | -13.52 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FORESTBURG PLANT SITE | 3012652 | 586 | 1967 | 2017 | 95.8 | -10.82 | -10.74 | -11.33 | -10.95 | -13.22 | -9.64 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| HIGH LEVEL A | 3073146 | 567 | 1970 | 2017 | 98.4 | -17.04 | -17.59 | -18.19 | -18.73 | -19.38 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SIMONETTE | 3075937 | 520 | 1973 | 2017 | 96.3 | -12.02 | -14.68 | -12.97 | -13.26 | -14.65 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KANANASKIS POCATERRA | 3053604 | 448 | 1976 | 2017 | 88.9 | -14.27 | -16.83 | -16.33 | -17.15 | -18.45 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VEGREVILLE | 3016GF0 | 446 | 1980 | 2017 | 97.8 | -14.25 | -14.9 | -15.12 | -14.58 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FABYAN | 3012515 | 431 | 1981 | 2017 | 97.1 | -13.91 | -13.86 | -14.86 | -14.38 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LLOYDMINSTER A | 3013961 | 429 | 1982 | 2017 | 99.3 | -12.22 | -13.09 | -13.93 | -13.18 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ELK ISLAND NAT PARK | 3012275 | 383 | 1981 | 2017 | 86.3 | -12.52 | -13.62 | -12.76 | -13.62 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BRULE BLACK CAT | 3060903 | 367 | 1987 | 2017 | 98.7 | -13.34 | -14.65 | -15.36 | -14.27 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA METABOLIC CENTRE | 301FFNJ | 365 | 1986 | 2017 | 95.1 | -10.57 | -12.85 | -12.32 | -11.63 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ENTWISTLE | 3062451 | 362 | 1987 | 2017 | 97.3 | -12.23 | -13.14 | -12.83 | -13.94 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OKOTOKS | 303M9JM | 332 | 1990 | 2017 | 98.8 | -11.41 | -11.86 | -11.81 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PICTURE BUTTE WEST | 303N1G3 | 331 | 1987 | 2017 | 89 | -7.45 | -8.7 | -10.88 | -11.29 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BROOKS | 3030QLP | 311 | 1988 | 2017 | 86.4 | -12.41 | -12.18 | -11.98 | -14.86 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LETHBRIDGE CDA | 3033890 | 1234 | 1908 | 2016 | 94.3 | -11.15 | -10.56 | -10.63 | -11.42 | -12.69 | -12.24 | -12.92 | -12.19 | -12.78 | -13.66 | -13.95 | -13.82 | – | – |
| CALMAR | 3011120 | 1108 | 1915 | 2016 | 90.5 | -4.94 | -13.32 | -14.55 | -13.32 | -14.94 | -14.79 | -15.02 | -15.89 | -16.57 | -17.32 | -19.21 | – | – | – |
| DAKOTA WEST | 3011953 | 491 | 1974 | 2016 | 95.2 | -13.99 | -13.37 | -14.02 | -13.71 | -15.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAMROSE 2 | 3011241 | 327 | 1985 | 2016 | 85.2 | -13.65 | -13.97 | -14.51 | -12.59 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SEDGEWICK TOWN | 3015808 | 324 | 1987 | 2016 | 90 | -10.41 | -13.94 | -13.49 | -16.03 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OLDS | 3024920 | 1171 | 1914 | 2015 | 95.7 | -11.53 | -11.22 | -12 | -12.22 | -13.41 | -13.16 | -13.56 | -12.94 | -13.59 | -14.68 | -15.29 | – | – | – |
| EDMONTON WOODBEND | 3012230 | 501 | 1973 | 2015 | 97.1 | -13.76 | -13.82 | -14.28 | -14.02 | -15.52 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Notice Tmax red is scattered all over. If anything, the 2010s have a lot of lowest Tmax in blue.
Tmax
| Station | Station No | Records | Min Year | Max Year | pct of data | 2010s | 2000s | 1990s | 1980s | 1970s | 1960s | 1950s | 1940s | 1930s | 1920s | 1910s | 1900s | 1890s | 1880s |
| KANANASKIS | 3053600 | 934 | 1939 | 2017 | 98.5 | 19.98 | 20.06 | 19.72 | 19.71 | 18.94 | 19.13 | 18.65 | 19.79 | 22 | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAMROSE | 3011240 | 836 | 1946 | 2017 | 96.8 | 19.18 | 19.63 | 19.02 | 19.37 | 17.89 | 18.82 | 18.88 | 19.99 | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| COLD LAKE A | 3081680 | 781 | 1952 | 2017 | 98.6 | 18.22 | 18.31 | 18.27 | 18.35 | 17.37 | 17.98 | 17.09 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FORT SASKATCHEWAN | 3012710 | 688 | 1958 | 2017 | 95.6 | 20.1 | 19.65 | 19.24 | 18.4 | 18.39 | 19.17 | 20.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| EDMONTON STONY PLAIN | 301222F | 623 | 1966 | 2017 | 99.8 | 19.7 | 19.65 | 19.3 | 19.22 | 18.32 | 18.41 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| QUEENSTOWN | 3035340 | 612 | 1966 | 2017 | 98.1 | 21.96 | 22.53 | 22.25 | 22.65 | 21.69 | 21.16 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CRAIGMYLE | 3021940 | 607 | 1960 | 2017 | 87.2 | 20.65 | 20.77 | 20.33 | 22.84 | 20.48 | 21.64 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FORESTBURG PLANT SITE | 3012652 | 586 | 1967 | 2017 | 95.8 | 20.22 | 21.14 | 20.43 | 20.93 | 19.48 | 21.75 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| HIGH LEVEL A | 3073146 | 567 | 1970 | 2017 | 98.4 | 17.13 | 16.55 | 16.46 | 16.81 | 16.24 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SIMONETTE | 3075937 | 519 | 1973 | 2017 | 96.1 | 18.43 | 18.69 | 19.73 | 19.79 | 19 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| VEGREVILLE | 3016GF0 | 446 | 1980 | 2017 | 97.8 | 19.45 | 19 | 18.69 | 18.92 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| KANANASKIS POCATERRA | 3053604 | 442 | 1976 | 2017 | 87.7 | 15.97 | 17.52 | 17.46 | 17.4 | 16.76 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FABYAN | 3012515 | 431 | 1981 | 2017 | 97.1 | 18.83 | 18.75 | 18.95 | 19.31 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LLOYDMINSTER A | 3013961 | 429 | 1982 | 2017 | 99.3 | 18.15 | 18.38 | 18.24 | 18.88 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ELK ISLAND NAT PARK | 3012275 | 383 | 1981 | 2017 | 86.3 | 20.13 | 20.16 | 20.11 | 18.64 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BRULE BLACK CAT | 3060903 | 367 | 1987 | 2017 | 98.7 | 19.53 | 20.39 | 19.92 | 21.39 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| UNIVERSITY OF ALBERTA METABOLIC CENTRE | 301FFNJ | 365 | 1986 | 2017 | 95.1 | 19.77 | 19.86 | 19.6 | 19.49 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| ENTWISTLE | 3062451 | 362 | 1987 | 2017 | 97.3 | 19.7 | 19.97 | 19.86 | 20.22 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OKOTOKS | 303M9JM | 332 | 1990 | 2017 | 98.8 | 22.17 | 22.25 | 21.81 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| PICTURE BUTTE WEST | 303N1G3 | 331 | 1987 | 2017 | 89 | 25.06 | 24.79 | 22.75 | 23.74 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| BROOKS | 3030QLP | 311 | 1988 | 2017 | 86.4 | 22.54 | 22.86 | 22.69 | 20.92 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| LETHBRIDGE CDA | 3033890 | 1234 | 1908 | 2016 | 94.3 | 22.91 | 23.8 | 22.93 | 23.58 | 22.17 | 22.88 | 21.98 | 22.79 | 23.18 | 22.25 | 22.77 | 23.92 | – | – |
| CALMAR | 3011120 | 1104 | 1915 | 2016 | 90.2 | 13.22 | 19.41 | 19.15 | 19.62 | 18.69 | 19.47 | 18.94 | 20.3 | 20.93 | 20.14 | 18.86 | – | – | – |
| DAKOTA WEST | 3011953 | 491 | 1974 | 2016 | 95.2 | 18.85 | 19.52 | 19.6 | 19.89 | 19.75 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| CAMROSE 2 | 3011241 | 326 | 1985 | 2016 | 84.9 | 18.07 | 19.53 | 19.29 | 20 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| SEDGEWICK TOWN | 3015808 | 324 | 1987 | 2016 | 90 | 20.28 | 19.3 | 20.36 | 19.12 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| OLDS | 3024920 | 1170 | 1914 | 2015 | 95.6 | 19.02 | 20.27 | 20 | 20.62 | 19.32 | 20.24 | 20.1 | 20.9 | 21.29 | 19.64 | 20.49 | – | – | – |
| EDMONTON WOODBEND | 3012230 | 501 | 1973 | 2015 | 97.1 | 19.8 | 20.26 | 20.02 | 20.64 | 19.01 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
I was looking over Alberta weather data (Environment Canada monthly summaries) because some article said Edmonton was warming by some godawful amount.
When I looked at Edmonton weather data I found 23 stations. Some old, some recent, some only running for a few years.
I looked at EDMONTON CITY CENTRE A – 1937 to 2005 – average of 11.9 records per year. Pretty complete.
I know, no data from 2010s. But the 1980s were hottest.
1980s 4.3
1990s 3.9
2000s 3.8
1970s 3.4
1960s 3.0
1940s 2.7
1950s 2.6
1930s 2.2
EDMONTON STONY PLAIN 1966 to 2018 – 12
2010s 4.3
2000s 4.1
1980s 3.8
1990s 3.8
1960s 2.7
1970s 2.6
2010s aren’t over.
Then I went looking for some old/new data in Alberta with long runs just to get a feel for the province.
MEDICINE HAT A – 1883 to 2008 11.9 record per year. Again, no 2010s. Tragic that EC let old long stations die off.
1910s 6.4
1920s 6.2
1980s 6.2
2000s 6.2
1900s 6.0
1990s 5.9
1930s 5.8
1880s 5.3
1940s 5.3
1960s 5.3
1970s 5.0
1950s 4.9
1890s 4.7
I’ll do some more like this.
This paper is a pdf.
Biofules, biomass , wood pellets et al are a disaster if you believe more CO2 will cause Global Warming.
Does replacing coal with wood lower CO2 emissions?
Dynamic lifecycle analysis of wood bioenergy
John D. Sterman1
Lori Siegel2
Juliette N. Rooney-Varga3
In sum, although bioenergy from wood can lower long-run CO2 concentrations compared to
fossil fuels, its first impact is an increase in CO2, worsening global warming over the critical
period through 2100 even if the wood offsets coal, the most carbon-intensive fossil fuel.
Declaring that biofuels are carbon neutral as the EU and others have done, erroneously
assumes forest regrowth quickly and fully offsets the emissions from biofuel production and
combustion. The neutrality assumption is not valid because it ignores the transient, but
decades to centuries long, increase in CO2 caused by biofuels.
A broken analog clock is right twice a day. So I’m quoting from the Guardian again.
A few quotes:
“In the middle of the 19th century, wood burning rose to such levels that western Europe was almost completely deforested. Ironically, the rise of coal burning saved the situation”
” carbon emissions will rise by 6% or possibly more if wood is allowed to continue to provide more and more of Europe’s energy output”
“Europe has increased its use of renewable energy sources to provide it with power, and about half of that rise has come from burning biomass. Unfortunately, says Beddington, if that increase continues Europe will soon need to burn an amount of wood greater than its total harvest and would have to seek sources from other continents. Either land for farming would be turned to biomass growing or precious natural habitats will be exploited, most probably the latter”
“In generating exactly the same amount of electricity, wood will release four times as much carbon into the atmosphere as gas would do, and one and half times as much as coal. In addition, energy is used in harvesting and transport while vast stretches of land are needed to create the forests to supply generating stations with the wood they need.”
“A power plant burning wood chips will typically emit one and a half times the carbon dioxide of a plant burning coal and at least three times the carbon dioxide emitted by a power plant burning natural gas.
Although regrowing trees absorb carbon, trees grow slowly, and for some years a regrowing forest absorbs less carbon than if the forest were left unharvested.
Eventually, the new forest grows faster and the carbon it absorbs, plus the reduction in fossil fuels, can pay back the “carbon debt”, but that takes decades to centuries, depending on the forest type and use. We conservatively estimate that using deliberately harvested wood instead of fossil fuels will release at least twice as much carbon dioxide to the air by 2050 per kilowatt hour. Doing so turns a potential reduction in emissions from solar or wind into a large increase.”
Even The Guardian gets it …
The hottest October in the USA was 1963. It was 5F hotter than October 2017.
Why Has CO2 Ignored October?
sunshine hours 